Revisión Sistemática sobre salud digital en la gestión del absentismo y el retorno al trabajo
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Palabras clave

Telemedicina; Tecnología digital; Reinserción al trabajo; Absentismo; Salud laboral; Enfermería del trabajo; Enfermedad crónica.

Cómo citar

1.
Arevalo Alonso G. Revisión Sistemática sobre salud digital en la gestión del absentismo y el retorno al trabajo. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor [Internet]. 17 de enero de 2022 [citado 29 de marzo de 2024];25(1):34-60. Disponible en: https://archivosdeprevencion.eu/index.php/aprl/article/view/184

Resumen

Objetivo: El uso de tecnologías digitales se ha convertido en una estrategia para incrementar la efectividad de los servicios de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto del uso de las herramientas de salud digital sobre la gestión del absentismo laboral y el retorno al trabajo.

Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo el formato PRISMA en las bases de datos electrónicas Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL y ScienceDirect. La calidad metodológica fue analizada a partir de las herramientas de evaluación crítica del Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).

Resultados: Un total de 24 estudios fueron incluidos en esta revisión, de los cuales se extrajeron resultados muy heterogéneos debido a la variabilidad de métodos de medición. El uso de herramientas digitales contribuía, mayoritariamente, en la mejora de las cifras de absentismo y de retorno a la actividad laboral, no evidenciándose en ninguno que ocasionara un perjuicio. Adicionalmente, en 10 de los estudios se obtuvieron datos sobre presentismo y otros factores influyentes en el absentismo y el retorno a la actividad laboral, como fueron la resiliencia, el compromiso laboral y el desapego psicológico al trabajo.

Conclusiones: El uso de herramientas de salud digital contribuye positivamente en la recuperación de los trabajadores que se encuentran en situación de incapacidad temporal, facilitando la gestión del retorno al trabajo y, por consiguiente, favoreciendo la reducción del absentismo laboral.

https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2022.25.01.04
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Citas

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