Health caregivers: perspectives, motivations, interests, and work challenges

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging leads to chronic diseases and dependency on daily activities, making caregivers essential. The aim was to explore the perceptions and concerns of these workers.

Method: In 2023, a qualitative study that included ten individual and semi-structured interviews with caregivers was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The obtained material was subjected to thematic content analysis, and through triangulation, the text was coded by emerging dimensions.

Results: Women predominated (90%), middle-aged (52 years), with low education and training through experience. Five major topics emerged: (a) responsibilities and functions; (b) working conditions; (c) emotions and bonding issues; (d) communication problems; and (e) vision and experience of the health system. Work tasks included emotional support, communication with the team (doctor and family), and delegation of household tasks. Communication problems were highlighted due to technical language, lack of time, and recognition of their role. The lack of continuity in post-discharge follow-up was a systematic problem, although they positively valued the information in the epicrisis. Work difficulties included long hours, episodes of violence (physical, verbal, psychological, or emotional), low salaries, and informal hiring methods (without rights that protect rest or health). Despite this, they expressed dedication and empathy toward patients.

Conclusions: This study's results provide valuable information for improving the working conditions and safety of healthcare workers, highlighting the need to improve both their work environment and their social recognition.